Duolingo

I noted the advice in Gabriel Wyner's book "Fluent Forever"  to "used spaced repetition systems" (not the sexiest of titles). There are a number of apps available that allow you to make your own. As a former law student (and Law Lecturer), I have used, and encouraged the use of "case cards" for revision. When I was at University - they had to be done manually - but now computers enable you to have these helpful revision tools - AND to set up a 'spaced repetition system'.

There is great value in making your own - and as you'll see in future posts - I believe strongly in the value of making one's own revision material - it is actually one of the most important stages in revision - and much value disappears if you rely on someone else's pre-manufactured revision material.

But there is one SRS that I (and other members of my family) use on a daily basis - and it comes in a free app.

Duolingo is (in the words of Wikipedia) "a free language-learning platform that includes a language-learning website and app, as well as a digital language proficiency assessment exam. Duolingo offers all its language courses free of charge. As of November 2016, the language-learning website and app offer 66 different language courses across 23 languages; with 22 additional courses in development. The app is available on iOS, Android and Windows 8 and 10 platforms with about 120 million registered users across the world."

I use it primarily to learn French - but also to build up a smattering of German, Spanish and Italian.

You set yourself a goal - There are four levels

- Casual (one exercise a day)
- Regular (two exercises a day)
- Serious (three exercises a day)
- Insane (five exercises a day)

Each exercise earns you 10 xp (points). The first day you achieve your goal begins a run (in Duolingo-speak - a 'streak'. That streak grows every subsequent day that you achieve your goal. I am currently on a 68 day streak. Forget to do your daily dose of Duolingo, and the streak ends and you have to start again. The fear of ending my streak acts as an increasingly effective motivator. (Of course, it also creates a habit - and that is vital for language learning).

The XPs are 'banked' - so I currently have 266 Lingots, which I can spend. That may be for outfits for my character (Formal attire, Champagne Tracksuit), but that is of no interest to me. I can also buy "Bonus Skills" - or attempt to double a five lingo waver by maintaining a seven day streak. But for me, the most useful is insurance against being unable to achieve my goal on any day. "Streak Freeze" allows my run to remain in place for one full day of inactivity. So all is not lost (if 'purchased' - using the lingots earned).

You can also compete with friends. NOT on the basis of your progress in a particular language, but on the amounts of XPs gained during that week. So you can compete against a friend studying a different language, at a very different level. If you are competitive, it provides another aid to continuing with regular study.

When you start a language in Duolingo there are a number of preset exercises. These take you through the essentials of that language. But when you've completed these - Duolingo keeps on going - it is a spaced repetition system!!! The algorithm notes your progress and increases the complexity of the exercises. This enable you to make progress, whilst reinforcing what you have already learnt.

I've found Duolingo useful because it has forced me to take note of and apply the rules of grammar. Eventually the application of grammar rules and sentence structure becomes automatic. Words and phrases are sounded - which aids listening skills, and you have to say some words - developing speaking skills (if it doesn't sound right, Duolingo forces you to repeat.

Do give it a try - it's free - and very effective.

The Duolingo website is https://www.duolingo.com and apps are free in Appstores.